diff --git a/bordeaux-threads.asd b/bordeaux-threads.asd
--- a/bordeaux-threads.asd
+++ b/bordeaux-threads.asd
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
                         #-thread-support                 "impl-null")
                  #+(and thread-support lispworks (not lispworks6))
                  (:file "impl-lispworks-condition-variables")
-                 #+(and thread-support (or armedbear digitool))
+                 #+(and thread-support digitool)
                  (:file "condition-variables")
                  (:file "default-implementations"))))
   :in-order-to ((asdf:test-op (asdf:load-op bordeaux-threads-test)))
diff --git a/src/impl-abcl.lisp b/src/impl-abcl.lisp
--- a/src/impl-abcl.lisp
+++ b/src/impl-abcl.lisp
@@ -30,25 +30,103 @@
 
 ;;; Resource contention: locks and recursive locks
 
+(defstruct mutex-abstract
+  name
+  lock)
+(defstruct (mutex (:include mutex-abstract)))
+(defstruct (mutex-recursive (:include mutex-abstract)))
+
+;; Making methods constants in this manner avoids the time expense of
+;; introspection involved in JCALL with string arguments.
+(defconstant +lock+ 
+  (jmethod "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock" "lock"))
+(defconstant +try-lock+ 
+  (jmethod "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock" "tryLock"))
+(defconstant +is-held-by-current-thread+ 
+  (jmethod "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock" "isHeldByCurrentThread"))
+(defconstant +unlock+ 
+  (jmethod "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock" "unlock"))
+(defconstant +get-hold-count+ 
+  (jmethod "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock" "getHoldCount"))
+
 (defun make-lock (&optional name)
-  (declare (ignore name))
-  (threads:make-thread-lock))
+  (make-mutex 
+   :name (or name "Anonymous lock")
+   :lock (jnew "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock")))
 
 (defun acquire-lock (lock &optional (wait-p t))
-  (declare (ignore wait-p))
-  (threads:thread-lock lock))
+  (when (and (typep lock 'mutex)
+             (jcall +is-held-by-current-thread+ (mutex-lock lock)))
+    (error "Non-recursive lock being reacquired by owner."))            
+  (if wait-p
+      (progn
+        (jcall +lock+ (mutex-lock lock))
+        t)
+      (jcall +try-lock+ (mutex-lock lock))))
 
 (defun release-lock (lock)
-  (threads:thread-unlock lock))
+  (unless (jcall +is-held-by-current-thread+ (mutex-lock lock))
+    (error "Attempt to release lock not held by calling thread."))
+  (when (and (typep lock 'mutex)
+             (> (jcall +get-hold-count+ (mutex-lock lock)) 1))
+    (do ()
+        ((= (jcall +get-hold-count+ (mutex-lock lock)) 1))
+      (jcall +unlock+ (mutex-lock lock))))
+  (jcall +unlock+ (mutex-lock lock))
+  (values))
 
 (defmacro with-lock-held ((place) &body body)
-  `(threads:with-thread-lock (,place) ,@body))
+ (let ((m (gensym)))
+    `(let ((,m ,place))
+       (when (acquire-lock ,m)
+         (unwind-protect
+          (progn
+            ,@body)
+           (release-lock ,m))))))
+
+(defun make-recursive-lock (&optional name)
+  (make-mutex-recursive
+   :name (or name "Anonymous lock")
+   :lock (jnew "java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock")))
+
+(defmacro with-recursive-lock-held ((place) &body body)
+ (let ((m (gensym)))
+    `(let ((,m ,place))
+       (when (acquire-recursive-lock ,m)
+         (unwind-protect
+          (progn
+            ,@body)
+           (release-lock ,m))))))
+
+(defun acquire-recursive-lock (lock &optional (wait-p t))
+  (assert (typep lock 'mutex-recursive))
+  (acquire-lock lock wait-p))
+
+(defun release-recursive-lock (lock)
+  (assert (typep lock 'mutex-recursive))
+  (release-lock lock))
 
 ;;; Resource contention: condition variables
 
 (defun thread-yield ()
   (sleep 0.01))
 
+(defstruct condition-variable 
+  name)
+
+(defun condition-wait (condition lock)
+  (check-type condition condition-variable)
+  (release-lock lock)
+  (do ()
+      ((acquire-lock lock nil))
+    (threads:synchronized-on condition
+       (threads:object-wait condition))))
+
+(defun condition-notify (condition)
+  (check-type condition condition-variable)
+  (threads:synchronized-on condition
+     (threads:object-notify-all condition)))
+
 ;;; Introspection/debugging
 
 (defun all-threads ()